Nama :
Niken Yuanita
Kelas :
4EA18
Tulisan
: Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2
Global warming
Global warming is a process of increasing the temperature of the atmosphere, ocean, and land earth. increase in global temperature will cause changes such as rising sea levels, increased intensity of extreme weather phenomena, and others. Global warming may also result in agricultural output, loss of glaciers and the extinction of various animal species.From the data that is indeed the earth's temperature has increased from year to year. besides increasing the heat around us, you are of course also aware of the many natural phenomena that tend to be uncontrollable lately. ranging from floods, blowouts, to erratic rainfall from year to year.
WHAT CAUSES GLOBAL WARMING ??
Global pemanasasn is a global phenomenon that is caused by human activities around the world, petumbuhan technology, and industry. The following are examples that cause global warming, among others:
- Consumption of fossil fuel energy
- Industrial sector, which accounts for the largest carbon emissions
- Transport sector
- The livestock sector is one of the three most significant contributors to the most serious environmental crisis, at every scale from local to global
- The greenhouse effect (you can see more clearly here).
DUE TO GLOBAL WARMING
- Climate change is happening: dikutub ice cover north and south poles began to melt, glaciers in the tops of the mountains begins to melt (this led to rising sea levels), and the floods and landslides often occur.
- Tropical diseases spread
- Rise in the surface temperature of the earth
- Endless world of glaciers and water sources.
Global Warming,
Prevention and Handling
Global Warming or Global Warming is the increase in air temperature at Earth's surface and in the oceans that began in the 20th century and is predicted to continue to increase. Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the atmosphere, ocean, and land Earth. How prevention and treatment of the Global Warming?
Global average temperature at Earth's surface has increased by 0.74 ° C ± 0:18 (1:33 ± 0:32 ° F) over the last hundred years. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concluded that, "the majority of the increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century, most likely caused by increased concentrations of greenhouse gases due to human activities" through the greenhouse effect. These basic conclusions have been put forward by at least 30 scientific and academic bodies, including all national science academies of the G8 countries. However, there are still some scientists who do not agree with some of the conclusions of the IPCC stated.
Even that is a problem, developed countries are supposed to be a pioneer in addressing global warming instead become the main source of heating it. It is closely related to industrial processes is a major cause of global warming.
If the terms of global warming, earth systems can be grouped into two areas, namely the area of heat production and heat neutralizing region. The main areas of heat-producing countries are large and mature. So it is quite difficult to urge them to stop activity, particularly industry, which became berlebih.Daerah geothermal heat production is the highest supplier of carbon dioxide. Because industrial activities such as burning fossil fuels, namely oil, coal, and natural gas to produce the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere in large quantities. Burning of these materials add 18.35 billion tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere each year.
While the current world energy consumption (excluding firewood), a little under 40% is oil, 27% coal and 22% natural gas, while hydroelectric and nuclear power accounted for 11% of the rest. In addition to the fossil fuels that produce the highest pollution, coal also produces the most carbon dioxide per unit of energy.
Global Warming or Global Warming is the increase in air temperature at Earth's surface and in the oceans that began in the 20th century and is predicted to continue to increase. Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the atmosphere, ocean, and land Earth. How prevention and treatment of the Global Warming?
Global average temperature at Earth's surface has increased by 0.74 ° C ± 0:18 (1:33 ± 0:32 ° F) over the last hundred years. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concluded that, "the majority of the increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century, most likely caused by increased concentrations of greenhouse gases due to human activities" through the greenhouse effect. These basic conclusions have been put forward by at least 30 scientific and academic bodies, including all national science academies of the G8 countries. However, there are still some scientists who do not agree with some of the conclusions of the IPCC stated.
Even that is a problem, developed countries are supposed to be a pioneer in addressing global warming instead become the main source of heating it. It is closely related to industrial processes is a major cause of global warming.
If the terms of global warming, earth systems can be grouped into two areas, namely the area of heat production and heat neutralizing region. The main areas of heat-producing countries are large and mature. So it is quite difficult to urge them to stop activity, particularly industry, which became berlebih.Daerah geothermal heat production is the highest supplier of carbon dioxide. Because industrial activities such as burning fossil fuels, namely oil, coal, and natural gas to produce the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere in large quantities. Burning of these materials add 18.35 billion tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere each year.
While the current world energy consumption (excluding firewood), a little under 40% is oil, 27% coal and 22% natural gas, while hydroelectric and nuclear power accounted for 11% of the rest. In addition to the fossil fuels that produce the highest pollution, coal also produces the most carbon dioxide per unit of energy.
Prevention and management of Global Warming
Total consumption of fossil fuels in the world increased by 1 percent per year. Measures undertaken or are being discussed at this time there is nothing to prevent global warming in the future. The current challenge is to overcome the effects that arise while performing steps to prevent increased climate change in the future.
Severe damage can be overcome in various ways. Coastal areas can be protected by a wall and a barrier to prevent the ingress of sea water. Alternatively, the government can help the population in coastal areas to move to higher ground. Some countries, like the United States, can save plants and animals while maintaining the corridor (lane) habitat, vacate the land that has not been built from south to north. Species can slowly move along these corridors leading to cooler habitats.
There are two main approaches to slow the increasing greenhouse gases. First, it prevents the carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere by storing the gas or its carbon component elsewhere. This is called carbon sequestration (removing carbon). Secondly, reducing the production of greenhouse gases.
Removing carbon
The easiest way to reduce carbon
dioxide in the air is to preserve trees and planting more trees. Trees,
especially young and fast growing, absorb carbon dioxide, breaking it down
through photosynthesis and store carbon in the wood. Around the world, the
level of encroachment has reached an alarming level. In many areas, the plants
that grow back a little once because the soil loses its fertility when
converted to other uses, such as for agriculture or construction of residential
houses. Steps to resolve this is to reforestation that play a role in reducing
the increasing greenhouse gases.
Carbon dioxide gas can also be removed directly. How to inject (inject) the gas into oil wells to bring oil to the surface. Injection can also be done to isolate the gas below ground such as in oil wells, coal seams or aquifers. This has been done in one of the drilling platform off the coast of Norway, where the carbon dioxide is brought to the surface along with the natural gas captured and reinjected into the aquifer so it can not return to the surface.
One of the sources of supply of carbon dioxide is the burning of fossil fuels. The use of fossil fuels began to increase rapidly since the industrial revolution in the 18th century. At that time, coal became the dominant energy source for later replaced by oil in the mid-19th century. In the 20th century, gas started to be used as an energy source. Change of trend in the use of fossil fuels is actually indirectly have reduced the amount of carbon dioxide released into the air, because gas releases less carbon dioxide than oil and much less than coal. Nevertheless, the use of renewable energy and nuclear energy further reduce the release of carbon dioxide into the air. Nuclear energy, although controversial for reasons of safety and dangerous pollution, does not emit carbon dioxide at all.
Handling Internationally
Carbon dioxide gas can also be removed directly. How to inject (inject) the gas into oil wells to bring oil to the surface. Injection can also be done to isolate the gas below ground such as in oil wells, coal seams or aquifers. This has been done in one of the drilling platform off the coast of Norway, where the carbon dioxide is brought to the surface along with the natural gas captured and reinjected into the aquifer so it can not return to the surface.
One of the sources of supply of carbon dioxide is the burning of fossil fuels. The use of fossil fuels began to increase rapidly since the industrial revolution in the 18th century. At that time, coal became the dominant energy source for later replaced by oil in the mid-19th century. In the 20th century, gas started to be used as an energy source. Change of trend in the use of fossil fuels is actually indirectly have reduced the amount of carbon dioxide released into the air, because gas releases less carbon dioxide than oil and much less than coal. Nevertheless, the use of renewable energy and nuclear energy further reduce the release of carbon dioxide into the air. Nuclear energy, although controversial for reasons of safety and dangerous pollution, does not emit carbon dioxide at all.
Handling Internationally
Controversy handling of global warming is an issue that has seized the energy and time from all over the country. Still the economic expanse between developed and developing countries led to an agreement that can not be fulfilled. Bound commitment and long-term funding to the demands of developing countries ahead of the Kyoto Protocol which will expire in 2013. Meanwhile, on the other hand, concerns over economic growth and the absence of accurate emission reduction systems in developing countries is the reason country- developed countries are reluctant to approve it. The existence of the news media on this issue considering interesting to watch the media also has a viewpoint and a variety of interests in it. The study looked at the frame Compass in reporting tackling global warming controversy between developed and developing countries. Skeleton framing used as a method of research is Zhongdang and Gerald M. Kosicki with technique: syntax, script, thematic, and rhetorical. These results indicate that the news Compass focus more on developing countries which still leads to disillusionment with the developed countries because unilateral interests still contained therein. Although various steps have been taken to motivate developed countries in decision making. Compass saw unilateral interests of developed countries degrading existence developing countries for their own benefit. It looks through the framing is applied emphasis on economic aspects that should give priority to the humanity as a reference in view of these conditions regardless of economic stretch in it.
International cooperation needed to successfully reduce greenhouse gases. In 1992, at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 150 countries pledged to address the problem of greenhouse gases and agreed to translate this intention into a binding agreement. In 1997 in Japan, 160 nations forged a stronger agreement known as the Kyoto Protocol.
This agreement, which has not been implemented, called on the 38 industrialized countries that hold the greatest percentage in the release of greenhouse gases to cut their emissions to 5 percent below the level of emissions in 1990. This reduction should be achieved by 2012. In the beginning, the United States volunteered to carry out a more ambitious cuts, promising a reduction in emissions by 7 percent below 1990 levels; The European Union, which wants a tougher treaty, committed 8 percent; and Japan 6 percent. The rest of the 122 other countries, mostly developing countries, were not asked to commit to the reduction of gas emissions.
However, in 2001, the new US president elect, George W. Bush announced that the agreement for the reduction of carbon dioxide is a very large cost. He also denies the claim that developing countries are not burdened with the carbon dioxide reduction requirements. Kyoto Protocol does not affect anything if the industrialized countries are responsible for contributing 55 percent of greenhouse gas emissions in 1990 was not ratified. This requirement is met when in 2004, Russian President Vladimir Putin ratified this treaty, giving way for the entry into force of this agreement began February 16, 2005.
Getting Started Handling Global Warming By Individuals
Reduce Meat Consumption Veg emproduksi CO2 and methane-laden meat and requires a lot of water. Farm animals such as cows or goats is the largest producer of methane when they digest food them.1 Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the UN mention meat production accounts for 18% of global warming, is greater than the contribution of all transport in the world (13.5%). Furthermore, the FAO report, "Livestock's Long Shadow", in 2006 described that livestock accounts for 65% of world gas nitrous oxide (310 times more potent than CO2) and 37% of world methane (72 times more potent than CO2) .2 In addition, , United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the guide book "Kick The Habit", 2008, mentions that the meat diet for each person per year accounted for 6,700 kg of CO2, while the vegan diet per person only accounted for 190 kg of CO2! 3 Not surprisingly, The UN's leading climate expert, who is Chairman of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) of the UN, Dr. Rajendra Pachauri, encourages people to eat less meat.
Tree Planting One rather large-sized trees can absorb 6 kg CO2 per tahunnya.1 Throughout his lifetime, one tree can absorb one ton CO2.7United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) reported that deforestation accounts for 20% of greenhouse gas emissions kaca.3 As we know, trees absorb carbon present in the atmosphere. When they are cut down or burned, carbon that once they absorb most of it will be released back into the atmosphere. So, think a thousand times before cutting down trees around you. Deforestation is also associated with the farm. Did you know an area of rainforest the size of one football field every minute of land cleared for cattle grazing? When you turn into a vegetarian, you can save one acre of trees per year.
Environmentally Friendly Travelling Try to walk, use teleconferencing for meetings, or go together in one car. When possible, use vehicles that use alternative fuels. Each 1 liter of fossil fuel is burned in car engines accounted for 2.5 kg CO2.1 If the distance is close and not rush time, you can choose the train rather than plane. According to the IPCC, flights by aircraft accounted for 3-5% of greenhouse gases.
Reduce Shopping Industry accounts for 20% of the world's greenhouse gas emissions and mostly derived from fossil fuel use. The type of industry that requires a lot of fossil fuels for example iron, steel, chemicals, fertilizer, cement, glass, ceramics, and kertas.3 Therefore, do not be throwing stuff, then buy a new one. Each process of production of goods accounted for CO2.
Buy Organic Food Organic Soil capturing and storing CO2 is greater than conventional farming. The Soil Association added that organic production can reduce 26% CO2 contributed by agriculture.
Use Energy Saving Lamp When you change one light in your home with energy saving lamps, you can save 400 kg of CO2 and energy-saving lamp 10 times more durable than regular incandescent bulbs
Use Fan AC that uses 1,000 Watt power accounted for 650 grams of CO2 per hour. Therefore, maybe you could try using a fan.
Your clothes drying under sun rays ila you use a dryer, you pull out 3 kg of CO2. Drying clothes naturally is much better: your clothes more durable and energy used do not cause air pollution.
Organic Waste Recycling Waste Disposal (TPA) accounted for 3% of greenhouse gas emissions through the methane released during the decomposition of garbage. By making compost from organic waste (such as food scraps, paper, leaves) for your garden, you can help reduce this problem
Separate Waste Paper, Plastic, and Cans in order to Recyclable Recycling aluminum can saves 90% of the energy needed to produce new aluminum cans: 9 kg of CO2 per kilogram of aluminum! For 1 kg of recycled plastic, you save 1.5 kg of CO2, to 1 kg of paper that is recycled, you save 900 kg of CO2.
